Basics of laser cutting

Everything you need to know

Laser cutters have become an integral part of modern production technology. They offer high precision, versatility and efficiency in material processing.

Introduction to laser cutting

Laser cutting is a technology that is used in many different industries and applications. It enables precise cutting of materials such as metal, plastic, wood and many more with a laser beam. The precision of the laser also offers the ability to cut complex shapes that would not be possible with conventional tools.

There are different types of lasers and depending on the type of materials to be cut, a suitable laser must be selected. It is also important to observe safety measures when working with lasers. With the right introduction to laser cutting, companies can increase their productivity and implement innovative projects.

How laser cutting works

A laser cutter concentrates a high-intensity beam of light onto a small area of material. The energy of the laser heats the material to such an extent that it melts, burns or even vaporizes. The laser beam is guided over the material surface by a system of mirrors or a fiber line and focused through a lens to enable precise cuts.

The intensity of the laser can be adjusted according to requirements, which means that both thin and thick materials can be cut. Depending on the type of material, a type of gas such as nitrogen or oxygen can also be added to optimize the cutting process. The laser cutting is therefore a very precise technology for fast processing of different materials such as metal, wood or plastics.

Advantages and possible applications of laser cutting

Laser cutting has become increasingly important in recent years and is now widely used. The advantages of laser cutting are obvious:

• Precision: Laser cutters can cut very fine details that would not be possible with conventional cutting methods.
• Versatility: Different materials and thicknesses can be processed with a laser cutter.
• Clean cuts: The cut edges are smooth and generally require no post-processing.
• Speed: Lasercutting is faster than many traditional cutting methods.
• Flexibility: Individual items and small batches can be produced efficiently without the need to change tools.
• Automation: The CNC control enables simple repetition and mass production without loss of quality.

Materials that can be cut with the laser

Materials that can be cut with a laser are extremely diverse. From paper, plastics and wood to metals and glass - the laser can cut almost any material with precision. However, it is important to set the laser correctly in order to achieve optimum results.

Another important factor when cutting different materials is the thickness of the material. While thinner materials such as paper or foil can be cut with a CO2 laser, a fiber laser is required for thicker materials such as metals.

The presence of certain coatings or colors on the materials can also play a role in laser cutting. In general, however, the more homogeneous and smooth the material is, the better it can be cut with the laser. The versatility in the selection of suitable materials makes laser cutting an attractive option for a wide range of applications in industry and trade.

Selecting a suitable laser for cutting materials

When selecting a suitable laser for cutting materials, there are a few important factors to consider:

• Material type and thickness: Not all laser cutters can process all materials or thicknesses. The specifications of the laser must match the requirements of the material.
• Working area: The size of the working area must be sufficient to accommodate the materials to be cut.
• Power: The power of the laser determines how quickly and efficiently materials can be cut.
• Software: User-friendly software that is compatible with the laser cutter makes it easy to create designs and control the cutting process.
• Support and maintenance: Reliable customer service and technical support are crucial for long-term operation.

In addition to these technical aspects, the user-friendliness of the laser should also be taken into account. Simple operation and maintenance can help to make operation more efficient and minimize downtime.

Tips for the optimal use of laser cutting machines

An important aspect of using laser cutting machines is the alignment of the material. It is important to position the material correctly and ensure that it lies flat and stable on the work table. Otherwise, it may slip during the cutting process and cause uneven cuts or even damage to the machine. In addition, care should be taken to ensure that the material is not overhanging or the edges damaged, as this can lead to undesirable results. Another tip for optimal use of laser cutting machines is to use a suitable focus distance. This ensures a clear and precise cut quality as well as a longer service life for the lens and other parts of the machine. It is also advisable to clean the material thoroughly before cutting and wipe off any residue such as dust or oil to achieve the best possible result.

Costs and profitability of laser cutting

An important factor when deciding on laser cutting is the cost and profitability analysis. The acquisition costs for a laser cutting machine can be relatively high depending on size and performance. However, the operating costs are relatively low compared to other cutting methods, such as punching or milling. In addition, laser cutting enables greater precision and speed when cutting materials, which ultimately leads to an increase in productivity.

Another advantage of laser cutting is the possibility of reusing residual materials, which can also contribute to cost savings.

The potential of the basics of laser cutting

In summary, it can be said that the basics of laser cutting offer enormous potential. With the help of laser cutting machines, almost all materials can be cut precisely and quickly. The advantages are manifold: from increased efficiency in production to the ability to cut complex shapes or manufacture personalized products.

Lasercutting is a technology that has revolutionized efficiency, precision and flexibility in numerous industries. With the right equipment and knowledge of the basics, companies can significantly improve their production processes. Laser cutters are therefore a key element for companies that want to be at the forefront of quality and productivity.